This introduction to the WAT system is an excerpt from a longer paper by Mitra Ardron and Bernard Lietaer in which they offer ways of addressing some of the shortcomings of “peer-to-peer” currencies like the …

The story of Banco Palmas in Brazil is a great example of how local currencies can stimulate the local economy.  With the help of NGOs, people in Palmeiras, an impoverished district in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil …

Although we have witnessed the biggest bailout in human history, the real economy—the one in which businesses manufacture and sell goods and services—is turning out to be the next victim of the banking crisis of …

There are now many successful examples of mutual credit systems, or business-to-business currencies, such as the Wir and the Wat described below.  They demonstrate the very beneficial effects of complementary currencies for businesses.   Such currencies …

“Quantifying Economic Sustainability: Implications for Free-Enterprise Theory, Policy, and Practice.” Co-authored with Sally J. Goerner and Robert E. Ulanowicz, in Ecological Economics, Vol. 69, n. 1, December 15, 2009
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The WAT system, as used in Japan, allows for businesses to issue their own tickets (IOU’s) which can circulate as a complementary currency within a community.  In this paper, Bernard Lietaer and Mitra Ardron propose …

The Terra is a global complementary currency designed to provide an inflation-resistant international standard of value; to stabilize the business cycle on a global level; and to realign stockholder’s interests with long-term sustainability.   From a …

Что бы правительства ни сделали для банков, еще долгие годы бизнесу будет трудно получить кредит. Самый сложный аспект текущей ситуации – это одновременный и глобальный характер банковского кризиса. Мировая экономика будет предсказуемо сползать в …